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Terminology of movement
Extension: Increase of the angle between the components of a joint.

Hyper extension: Excess extension

Abduction: Opening or moving a structure away from the midline.

Rotation: Angular motion (circular) of a structure around its axis.

Flexion: Decrease f the angle between the components of a joint.

Hyper flexion: Excess flexion

Adduction: Closing or moving a structure toward the midline.

Translation: Linear movement of an organ or a component of a joint.

Circumduction: Circular movement found in the hip, shoulder joint and other joints. Circumduction is a mix of flexion, extension, abduction and adduction.
Last update on 2008-02-01